Information all about Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) - Canine Health

What is IVDD?

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a common condition in dogs that affects the spine. It occurs when the cushioning discs between the vertebrae of the spinal column either bulge or burst (herniate) into the spinal cord space. These discs then press on the nerves running through the spinal cord, causing pain, nerve damage, and even paralysis. Early detection and treatment are crucial to managing IVDD and can help prevent severe complications.

Breeds at Risk

While IVDD can affect any dog, certain breeds with long backs and short legs are more predisposed due to their genetic makeup. These breeds include:

• Dachshunds
• Beagles
• Basset Hounds
• Cocker Spaniels
• French Bulldogs
• Shih Tzus
• Pekingese

It's important to note, however, that IVDD is not limited to these breeds and can occur in dogs of all sizes and shapes.

Symptoms to Watch For

The symptoms of IVDD can vary from mild discomfort to severe pain and paralysis, depending on the location and severity of the disc herniation. Key signs include:

• Pain and Whining: One of the first signs may be vocalization of pain when moving or being picked up.
• Reluctance to Move: Dogs may be hesitant to jump, climb stairs, or even move from their resting position.
• Limping or Lameness: This can occur if the affected disc is in the neck or back.
• Hunched Back or Neck: Dogs may exhibit a hunched posture or keep their head low due to neck pain.
• Loss of Coordination (Ataxia): This may be seen as wobbling while walking, difficulty standing up, or dragging of the feet.
• Paralysis: In severe cases, dogs may lose the ability to move their legs or control their bladder and bowels.

Managing and Treating IVDD

The treatment for IVDD depends on the severity of the condition and can range from conservative management to surgical intervention:

• Conservative Treatment: For mild cases, treatment may include rest, anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling, and pain relief. Crate rest for several weeks is often recommended to limit movement and allow the spine to heal.
• Surgical Treatment: In more severe cases, especially if there is significant pain, loss of function, or paralysis, surgery may be required to remove the herniated material pressing on the spinal cord.
• Rehabilitation: Post-treatment, rehabilitation exercises, physical therapy, and possibly acupuncture or hydrotherapy can help dogs recover more fully and regain mobility.

Prevention and Care

While genetic factors play a significant role in IVDD, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk:

• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can reduce the strain on their spine.
• Avoid High-Impact Activities: Discourage jumping on and off furniture and use ramps or steps where possible.
• Regular Exercise: Regular, gentle exercise can help maintain back muscle strength.

Conclusion

Intervertebral Disc Disease can be a distressing condition for both dogs and their owners, but understanding IVDD and its symptoms can lead to early detection and treatment. With the right care, many dogs with IVDD go on to lead happy, comfortable lives. If you suspect your dog may be suffering from IVDD, consult your veterinarian immediately for an evaluation and to discuss the best treatment options. Your support and commitment are crucial in helping your pet navigate this challenging condition.